By David Enders
September 10, 2011
When the sun sets on the refugee camp for black Africans that has sprung up at the marina in this town six miles west of Tripoli, the women here brace for the worst.
The rebels who ring the camp suddenly open fire. Then they race into the camp, shouting “gabbour, gabbour” ~ Arabic for whore ~ and haul away young women, residents say.
As she recounted the nightly raids, one woman from Nigeria said Wednesday: “You should be here in the evening, when they come in firing their guns and taking people. They don’t use condoms, they use whatever they can find.” She said pointed to a discarded plastic bag in a pile of trash. As she spoke, other women standing nearby nodded in agreement.
There is no way to know how many women have been raped here, where hundreds of Africans have settled in and around the boats of a marina. No one keeps statistics in the camp, and foreign aid workers say they are prohibited from discussing the allegations on the record. International Red Cross representatives say only that they have spoken to rebel leaders about “security concerns.”
But the story that women tell is part of a larger picture of abuse of black Africans in Libya that is emerging in the wake of the rebel victory, born of allegations that Gaddafi often hired sub-Saharan Africans to fight for him.
Hundreds of black Africans have been swept up and are being held in makeshift prisons awaiting some sort of judicial finding of whether they were mercenaries or not. Thousands more are trapped in refugee camps. They can’t leave the camps, they say, for fear they’ll be targeted on the streets. They do not feel safe inside the camps, either.
Human rights advocates have decried what appears to be mistreatment of black African workers, and U.S. Ambassador Gene Cretz, speaking in Washington on Wednesday, admitted it’s a growing problem.
“We’ve seen fairly credible reports that there has been some mistreatment of African migrants,” Cretz told McClatchy. He said the U.S. was trying to work with rebel leaders to prevent abuse, which he blamed on young rebels who are confusing Africans who might have fought as mercenaries for Gadhafi with the hundreds of thousands of sub-Saharan Africans who were working in Libya when the rebels took over.
“We don’t think it’s a systematic or intentional problem on the part of the Libyan authorities,” Cretz said. “It’s something that’s happening at levels below that, which is of considerable concern to us.”
Cretz said the rebels’ National Transitional Council is working with the United Nations and other international relief organizations to ease the situation.
There was little evidence of such efforts at the marina here, however. At the nearby headquarters of the revolutionary forces in the area, Mohammed Abdullah Fatouri, the head of the military council, said that he was unaware of any problems in the camp.
“Have them bring a letter,” he said. “If they tell us this is happening, we will protect them.”
At the camp itself, fear is pervasive. When a car bearing two armed rebels drove into the camp, both men and women scattered.
It was not clear what the rebels wanted. Someone said they were looking for laborers. Perhaps emboldened by a pair of European TV camera crews, however, some of the camp’s residents confronted the rebels. An older man, apparently the translator for one of the European TV crews, intervened, and after a few minutes, the militiamen got back in the car and drove off.
Tensions here have been made even worse, the camp’s residents said, because Libyan fisherman whose boats have been turned into dwellings want them back. Life in the camp has been difficult. Only on Monday did the Red Cross deliver aid packages.
“They brought us shampoo and some medical supplies, but not enough,” the woman from Nigeria said. “We can’t eat shampoo. There’s no water for showers.”
“Until two days ago we had no water,” one man said. “People were drinking the seawater.”
Relations between Libyans and black African workers have long been troubled. Many Africans came here without official documentation from the Libyan government and grew accustomed to abuse as a part of life, something they accepted in trade for employment in oil-rich Libya.
“Sometimes your boss beats you or doesn’t pay you,” said Stacey Alexandra, 26, who said she had spent the last three years in Libya cleaning private homes and hotels and sending money back to family in Cameroon. “Now everyone here wants to leave. This country is too racist.” Alexandra showed a scar on her arm that she said had come from an assault on the street as she was leaving her home last month as the fighting intensified.
“It was a group of young men,” she said, adding that they did not appear to be a faction fighting for either side.
“The (revolutionaries) forced us to work for 10 days, cleaning up one of their barracks,” said a man named Eddy. “Yesterday, two people went out to get bread. They have not come back.”
“I fled with nothing,” said a man named Nelly, pointing to the mismatched flip-flops on his feet. “When (the revolutionaries) took over Tripoli, they drove us out of our homes. I lived with my uncle in Souk al Jumaa. My uncle was not home. As I ran away, I saw many blacks. They said this was a safe place, so I followed them. I can’t find my uncle. The war has taken my uncle.”
For Nelly to look for his uncle in Tripoli on Wednesday would have been unthinkable. At a revolutionary base in Souk al Jumaa, one of the first neighborhoods in Tripoli freed from Gaddafi’s control, revolutionary commander Jamal Ibrahim Safar offered advice, in English, to a Ghanaian citizen who had been detained by his men at a checkpoint.
“Stay off the street,” he said to Essau Abdou Mohamed, who identified himself as a barber who lost his passport three months ago. Mohamed said that in the last three weeks, he hadn’t left his house after dark.
“This is the third time I’ve been detained,” said Abdou Mohamed. His saving grace had been a letter, now well-worn, from the revolutionary military council in Misrata, 160 miles east of Tripoli, explaining that he had lost his passport but that he was not suspected of being a pro-Gadhafi fighter.
Libya Rebels Round Up Black AfricansApproximately 5,000 have been detained, some seriously abused, with virtually no evidence against them.
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